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Root canal treatment, also known as endodontic therapy, is a dental procedure performed to treat infection or damage to the pulp of a tooth. The pulp is the soft tissue inside the tooth that contains nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. When the pulp becomes infected or inflamed due to deep decay, trauma, or other factors, it can cause pain and swelling.

During a root canal procedure, the dentist or endodontist removes the infected or damaged pulp from the tooth, cleans and disinfects the root canal system, and then fills and seals the space to prevent further infection. This process helps save the tooth from extraction and alleviates pain and discomfort associated with the infection.

Root canal treatment typically involves several steps:

1. Assessment: The dentist examines the tooth and takes X-rays to assess the extent of the infection and determine if root canal therapy is necessary.

2. Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is administered to numb the tooth and surrounding area, ensuring the patient is comfortable during the procedure.