Orthodontics is a specialized branch of dentistry that focuses on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of dental and facial irregularities, primarily related to the alignment of teeth and jaws. The main objective of orthodontic treatment is to achieve proper dental occlusion, which refers to the correct alignment of the upper and lower teeth when the jaws are closed. These are dental misalignments or "bad bites" that occur when the upper and lower teeth do not fit together correctly. Examples include overbites, underbites, crossbites, and open bites. Occurs when there is insufficient space in the jaw to accommodate all the teeth, leading to overlapping and misalignment. Gaps or spaces between teeth due to missing teeth or excessive jaw space. Front teeth that stick out too far forward, potentially making them more susceptible to injury. Orthodontics can help with problems related to the size and position of the jaw, including skeletal discrepancies. Metal or ceramic brackets bonded to the teeth, connected by archwires that apply gentle pressure to move the teeth into their correct positions. Transparent, removable trays (e.g., Invisalign) that gradually shift the teeth into alignment. Custom-made appliances used after active treatment to maintain the corrected position of the teeth.